@Jerry - In the video see VJ at 01:14-01:18 - right there VJ shows Horizontal, Angled and Vertical Hinging of the clubface, respectively. It's that simple.
Jerry, here is a lot of information for you to begin to work with.
Originally Posted by jerry1967
I just can't comprehend the different hinges. Can someone give me an example or describe them to me so I can understand them?
Besides the book, you'll want to use "search" on this forum and also on YouTube for videos (also on this forum). What follows are excerpts from the 6th edition. Bold/blue is my emphasis. I have given you wrist positions as a starting point not knowing how you study. I am a "whole picture" person whereas you might just need a snippit or two of info. I apologize if I have given you too much. I am a teacher and context is important.
CHAPTER 4 WRIST POSITIONS - INDIVIDUAL
WRIST POSITIONS – INDIVIDUAL
THE KEYS
4-0 GENERAL
The key to control of the Golf Club is Educated Hands. The player must acquire, and continue to develop, habitually skillful, disciplined, conscious manipulation of the Hands using the Clubhead Lag Pressure Point (6-C) as the main line of communication between the Hands and Clubhead – both ways. See 5-0.
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This chapter is the first step towards that diploma. And every Stroke is a test. Very few are mistakes and troubles of a golfer that do not stem from faulty Hands. For a firm Grip and flexible Wrist action, practice all Wrist positions and motions with a firmly clenched fist as well as with the open Hand. See 2-F, 2-M-2 and 7-1.
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The three Basic Wrist Motions can be classified as:
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4-A.
Horizontal *Bend and Arch (Clubshaft) *Grip Motion
4-B.
Perpendicular *Cock and Uncock (Clubhead) *Wrist Motion
4-C.
Rotational *Turn and Roll (Clubface) * *Hand Motion
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These terms used to identify the separate conditions were selected as the most descriptive and adaptable. The terms selected for the center position in each classifications are: FLAT (-A), LEVEL (-B) and VERTICAL (-C).
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HORIZONTAL
4-A-0 GENERAL
The Horizontal Wrist Conditions and Motions are FLAT (-1), BENT (-2) and ARCHED (-3). These three terms are always used with reference to the back of the hand only.
4-A-1 FLAT
The Wrist is FLAT when the forearm and the back of the hand form a straight line.
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4-A-2 BENT
The Wrist is BENT when the hand is bent backward – or outward. With few exceptions, this condition is not permissible for the Left Wrist. See 10-2-D and 10-18-B.
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4-A-3 ARCHED
The Wrist is ARCHED when the Hand is bent forward – or inward – “rounding off” the forearm. A small amount is advisable and very useful (as insurance against 4-A-2 above and as amplification of Clubhead Lag) if its Push Shot tendency is properly compensated.
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PERPENDICULAR
4-B-0 GENERAL
The Perpendicular Wrist Conditions and Motions are LEVEL (-1), COCKED (-2) and UNCOCKED (-3). These three terms are always used in reference to the “Thumb Edge” of the hand only.
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4-B-1 LEVEL
The Wrist is LEVEL when the wrist-bone and the edge of the hand (to the first knuckle of the first finger) form a straight line.
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4-B-2 COCKED
The Wrist is COCKED when the edge of the hand forms as sharp an angle as possible with the wrist bone. The Wrist is Cocked at any point beyond LEVEL toward maximum cocked condition.
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4-B-3 UNCOCKED
The Wrist is UNCOCKED when the edge of the hand forms as wide an angle as possible with the wrist bone. The Wrist is UNCOCKED at any point from LEVEL to maximum UNCOCKED condition. The wrist is UNCOCKED at any time it is moving away from an COCKED condition. It moves per 4-D-0 and 2-P.
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ROTATIONAL
4-C-0 GENERAL
The Rotational Wrist Conditions and Motions are VERTICAL (-1), TURNED (to the right) (-2) and ROLLED (to the left) (-3).
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4-C-1 VERTICAL
The Wrist is VERTICAL when the back of the Hand would lay flat against a swinging door mounted per the selected Hinge Action (2-G) with the Shoulder as the Hinge Line.
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4-C-2 TURNED *
The Wrist is TURNED when the hand is rotated to the right. When TURNED, the right palm faces directly away form the selected Plane (7-5) and/or the left palm faces directly toward that Plane. Whether the Wrist is TURNING or ROLLING, it is always in a TURNED condition at any point between VERTICAL and TURNED.
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4-C-3 ROLLED *
The Wrist is ROLLED when it is rotated to the left. This moves the Wrist backe to the VERTICAL condition from the TURNED condition. The Wrist should never normally ROLL beyond the VERTICAL condition during the Release. But the Roll may be varied to suit the purpose at hand. It may begin early or late, behind or ahead of normal position, or even be left in the Turned position until after Impact. See 4-D-0.
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DRILLS
4-D-0 RELEASE MOTIONS
This term refers to the Release of Accumulators #2 and #3. So it is not a Pattern Component in itself. Normally, it can only be either Simultaneous (Hitting) or Sequenced (Swinging) per 10-11-0-2 and 10-11-0-3. “Uncocking” (4-B-3) and “Roll” (4-C-3) are two separate motions: 1) Wrist Motion and 2) Hand Motion – coordinate but very independent (4-0). Their execution is not a haphazard amalgamation (10-10-C and D). Normally, Uncocking is a function of the Wrists actuating the Clubhead (4-B). See 5-0 and 7-11. It has nothing to do with Clubface alignment at Impact – that is the function of the Hands, executing a Clubface Motion (4-C) – Accumulator #3 (2-G). Whenever the Wrist Motion (instead of Hand Motion) throws the Clubface at the ball, there will be Steering and Clubhead Throwaway. See 2-P. The Hitter concentrates on Hand Motion, while the Swinger concentrates on Wrist Motion. Both halves of each Release Action can be either Automatic (normally) or Non-Automatic (per Pattern). Study 6-E. So each must be consciously differentiated during execution.
Normally, only Swingers with their Standard Wrist Action (10-18-A) “Swivel” – that is, actually rotate the Left Wrist – through the Release into its Vertical Position for Impact. That must be pre-programmed not later than The Top per 8-6. Have a clear picture of the intended Impact Hand Position all the way down – NOT the process of achieving it. But all players must “Swivel” – actually rotate their Wrists – into the “parallel to the Plane” position for the Finish (8-12) after the Follow-through.
It is mandatory that there is no break or bend in the Delivery Line direction during either half of the Release Motion. Both halves, as well as, the Release and Finish Roll (2-G), must be executed on the same Delivery Line (2-J-3) – On Line or Cross Line, but not both. Construct an Inclined Plane such as shown in 10-5, or find a low bench, fence rail – or anything providing the Clubshaft with a straight edge or flat surface – and swing the Clubshaft back and forth along that edge or surface while executing the above Wrist and Hand Motions until you thoroughly understand their relation to 10-5. Study 2-N very carefully. That is why item 12-3-22 is capitalized. Study 3-F-6.
Remember a flat plane has a straight baseline. A circle is two dimensional and can lie on a flat plane. If the Plane Line loses it straightness the Clubhead Orbit becomes three dimensional and precision vanishes.
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THE GATEWAY
4-D-1 THE FLAT LEFT WRIST
This section is included to stress the importance of the Flat Left Wrist during Impact. Study 2-P and 10-18-B. “Flat Left Wrist” and “Grip” refer to the Strong Single Action Grip Type 10-2-B. This is highly dependable visual check for compliance with the Law of The Flail (2-K). Carefully study 3-F-7.
A Double Wristcock (10-18-B) is the Bending of the Left Wrist at the Top of the Stroke in addition to the Wristcock. All Wrist positions and motion may remain correct until the Release, where, for a variety of misconceptions the Right Wrist is allowed to Flatten. Any loss in Impact Fix Right Wrist Bend during Release immediately becomes Left Wrist Bend – Clubhead Throwaway. Which starts the Club swinging form the Wrists – in an “inside” and “upward” motion – the Clubface is rapidly Closing and the Clubshaft becomes “in-line” with the Right Forearm instead of the Left Arm.
Driving the Clubhead toward the Green (Steering), instead of toward the Ball (2-P), is the great disrupter fo the Flat Left Wrist. See 7-8 and 7-19 and remember to take the whole Primary Lever Assembly – the Left Arm, the Hands, Clubshaft and Clubhead (2-N) – into Impact. It is the Hands AND Clubhead – not just the Clubhead – that defines the Plane. See 2-L#2. Take a very “short” Grip and practice swinging back and forth with the top of the Clubshaft against the inside the Left Forearm until you can hold the Wrist steady with a normal Grip. So – there must be the Flat Left Wrist. Or its equivalent (10-2-G). Or a compensation (6-D, 7-19, 6-C-2-E)
Hitters especially, must learn to straighten the Right Arm with out flattening the Right Wrist. Practice doing jus and only that –dilligently- with and without a Club. The learn to “float” from The Top through Impact, an inert, unstressed Right Wrist with its Impact Fix degree of Bend. Study 2-C-0 because deviation in any element of the Three Dimensional Downstroke is the most difficult Throwaway trigger to locate and eliminate.
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CHAPTER 5 WRIST POSITIONS - COMBINATIONS
MONITORING
5-0 GENERAL
The Wrist is always in one of each of the three INDIVIDUAL WRIST CONDITIONS (4-A, -B, -C). A Combination of Wrist Conditions is indicated by the use of the first letter of the term for each INDIVIDUAL WRIST CONDITION involved and therefore uses three letters in every Combination. With this method every possible Wrist Condition can be readily identified for easy reference. And a complete description is give by the use of just three letters. There is no duplicate letters and though always listed in the same order there can be no misapplication if listed in any order.
Though there are more possible combinations, only four pairs of combinations have much use. The -1 of each pair (A, B, C and D) is the Flat Wrist version. The -2 of each pair is the Best Wrist version of companion combinations. Normally, the -1 combination will be the Left Wrist Condition and the -2 combination will be the Right Wrist Condition.
The Hands are the “Command Post” for all Feel processing. As the Stroke proceeds, they dictate to the Feet as certainly as the dictate to the Club. No Negative (Off Course) Feedback can get to – or from – the Clubhead except through the Hands. Regardless of the amount of technical know-how and practice, uneducated hands can nullify it all and never even be suspected. Monitor all three elements of the Club (1-L) by way of the Hands – never directly. The Hands are much easier to Monitor than the Clubhead because their travel is so much more even and slower (2-K-6). The first step in this Educational Process “Look, Look, Look” per 3-B. If you feel your game isn’t reflecting your understanding of Alignments- STOP MONITORING THE CLUBFACE INSTEAD OF YOUR HANDS. And, unless otherwise specified, at all times – but especially during Start Down- maintain the Clubhead Lag relationship to the Plane Line – not the body. That – failure to clear Right Hip (Roundhouse) can initiate almost every alignment disruption, including SHANKING (2-F, 3-F-7-E, 6-C-2). Constantly upgrade their information storage and retrieval as with any other computer.
“Monitoring” is awareness – through “Feel”, “Feedback”, sensation – of the location, condition, direction etc. of any element for any purpose. When you watch as you reach for your cup, you are unaware fo your hands. But with your eyes closed you are acutely dependent on them. Then notice how quickly they can adapt when “monitored.” Golfers have the same problem. Because your eyes must be on the Ball, they cannot watch the Club. So swing the Club with your eyes closed until you realize how consciousness of the Club, per se, is so disruptive as compared with consciousness of the Hands.
Learn to SWING THE HANDS, MONITOR THE HANDS. Some players use the Club only to develop its TOTAL equivalent in Lag Pressure Point Feel.
That is – until the Hands no longer consciously Monitor the Clubhead or the Body – only themselves, and automatically dictate total Component compliance with Delivery Path (6-E) and Delivery Line (2-J-3) requirements (7-23). Both are Monitored by the Hands but the Delivery Lines, in addition, must be “Traced” by the Right Forearm. For the ARC of Approach Delivery Line that relationship is with true geometric Plane Line, itself. The Plane Line – being the Basic – can substitute any of its “Visual Equivalents” at any time. In either or both directions. Because the Right Forearm and Clubshaft are on the same Plane during Release and Impact (7-3), players actually Monitor the Clubhead Delivery Line by “Tracing” along it with the Right Forearm with the #3 Pressure Point as the lens causing its beam to move along the Reference Line. Study 2-N and 4-D.
The alternative to Hands Controlled Pivot is, of course, Pivot Controlled hands per 10-24-F. That does not alter the BasicGeometry or Physics requirements but assigns to Physics precedence over Geometry – Force dictating alignments. Which obviously reduces precision. But, also Clubhead Throway. The information for such a procedure is all included herein j- merely Monitor the Pivot instead of the Hands.
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And
BALL BEHAVIOR
7-10 HINGE ACTIONS
“Hinge Actions” describe and control the manipulation of the Hands through the Impact Interval. This Hand manipulation in turn controls the Clubface alignment. Study 2-G with the purpose of seeing that all Hinge Actions have identical relationships to their Associated Plane and that, actually, their differences amount, essentially, to moving the Basic Plane with its already installed Hinge to one of the other two possible positions. The next step is to understand that all the Hinge Actions in G.O.L.F. are executed on an Inclined Plane without altering their TRUE relationship to their TRUE Basic Plane. For a very basic drill, practice all Hinge Motions – by moving the Left Arm (only) back and forth – on their normal Plane AND on the Inclined Plane, without a Club and with the Wrist Flat and Vertical to learn the Feel of the Rhythmic motion required through Impact per 2-G.
Beside the coverage in 2-D, 2-G and 10-10, “Basic Hinging” has the following characteristics of appearance and feel. Between the “Full Roll” of Horizontal Hinging and the “No Roll” of Vertical Hinging, Angled Hinging takes on a “Half Roll” motion. While Horizontal Hinging retains the “Feel” of a “Roll”, Angled Hinging takes on a “No Roll” Feel and Vertical Hinging is executed as a “Reverse Roll”.
All these types can also be duplicated (exactly) with Wrist only, Arms only or Body only manipulations using Minor Basic Strokes. But all must produce Rhythm per 2-G. Use the “Turn” Feel to determine the “Roll” Feel. Per special purposes a selected Impact Hinge Action might also be applied to the entire Stroke (becoming Stroke Pattern Component #18 also). Or initiated at ANY point prior to Impact. With either procedure, precision is unattainable without – among other requirements – correct Rhythm in both directions. Experimentation with all three Rhythms per 2-G is about the best drill for understanding the results of excessive or inadequate Turn and/or Roll of the Hands during the Stroke in order to avoid doing either unintentionally. Chronic Fades and Pushes can mean insufficient Roll. Chronic Draws and Pulls can mean excessive Roll. Both can be induced by unregulated Turn Clubhead Travel (2-G). All of which can also be the cause or effect of Steering. See 3-F-7-A. And study 6-B-3-0-1. However, Centrifugal Force, by bending the Clubshaft, can tilt the Clubhead down (2-D). So, the faster the intended Swing, the more the Clubhead must be raised at Address and Fix. And Centrifugal “Throw Out Action” also effects Clubface alignment for Swinging. Study 6-B-3-0.
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The importance of taking the Grip in the Impact Fix Position is discussed in Chapter 7-8. Normally, in the precision position per 2-G, the Left Wrist becomes Vertical to the ground at Low Point for all Hinge Actions but “Vertical-to-the-ground-at-Impact” gives a very desirable sameness for all Ball locations – easily compensated by Clubface adjustment, without disturbing the prescribed Hand Motion (4-D-1, 10-10). Both procedures are completely optional.
Always starting from the same Wrist Position, one Hinge Action is as easy to apply as another. However, Clubface alignments can be made in relation to the Target Line (2-J). Also, if the Clubface is always aligned square to the Plane Line, Angled Hinging will give an Open-Open Target Line, Horizontal Hinging will give a Closed-Closed Target Line and Vertical Hinging will give a Square-Square Target Line (10-5).
The Hinges are actually “mounted” at the Left Shoulder but the real control comes with moving or holding the Left Wrist in the positions called for by the respective Hinge arrangements. The Hinge Action Control is required only from Impact to the end of the Follow-through. Except, of course, when the Stroke Pattern Wrist Action dictates otherwise.
If you get a club and a big fluffy towel or strike bag and go to a room with high ceilings (ask my wife) and slowly follow these observations trying to practice them, you will be able to get a fine idea of what is being described. Use the videos! If you are near Philadelphia, I have an excellent teacher, a GSEB, John Savage. If you would like to schedule a lesson or a day with Yoda, which is my goal next winter, I'm sure the folks would help you enjoy the experience.
HOW I LEARNED THE HINGES: My GSEB took me to a chipping area and stressed "level wrists." He gave me about 100 balls and made me turn to a "basic motion," then "aacquired motion," then a "total motion," with each of the three club faces. HINGES ARE FRONT SHOULDER POSITIONS FIRST, AND THEN HINGES ARE GRIPS. (My friends with more skills are welcome to correct me if I misspeak.) We then repeated the drills in a bunker. Yesterday, on a friends modified par 3 course, I chipped in twice on 9 holes and just missed the hole with chips 3 other times. (I also got very greedy and went for several extreme vertical lobs that cost me 5 strokes an put me at 7 over. Merde! More practice at acquired motion!)
Any of the DVD sets and downloadable media are terrific imho.
Keep learning. My avg. on 9 holes last year was 48. This summer I have turned in a 41 and 39 on 9 holes and that was after starting on this site in March.
Patrick
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HP, grant me the serenity to accept what I cannot change, the courage to change what I can, and the wisdom to know the difference. Progress and not perfection is the goal every day!
Last edited by innercityteacher : 06-16-2010 at 09:03 PM.
More practice at acquired motion!) 
Hybrid Mode
